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Scholarships and Other Grants to Individuals

Private foundations may grant to individuals in four permitted ways, with different recordkeeping and Form 990-PF reporting requirements for each. Grants to individuals for travel, study, or similar purposes via a public charity intermediary, such as a school or university Issuing a grant to an intermediary is the simplest way to award travel fellowships, scholarships,... Read More

A Foundation’s State of Incorporation

Generally, states have similar laws regarding foundations. It typically is recommended that you incorporate in the state where the main office will reside so that you only need to file paperwork with one state. Certain states, including California and New York, maintain minor limitations and/or requirements on private foundations, which you should understand before incorporating... Read More

Comparing Private Foundations and Public Charities

Although all 501(c)(3) organizations are organized and operated exclusively for religious, charitable, or educational purposes, there are two main types of organizations that fall under this classification:  public charities and private foundations. Organizations that qualify as public charities do so by having significant public influence, such as a third or more of their income’s coming... Read More

Key Private Foundation Laws

Private foundations are subject to several sections within the Internal Revenue Code (IRC). The following list is not comprehensive but addresses eight sections that will guide foundation managers throughout the life of the foundation: Section 4940 imposes an annual excise tax on a private foundation’s net investment income. Foundations will need to pay taxes on... Read More

Nonprofit Sector 101

Nonprofit sector collectively describes the institutions and organizations in American society that are neither government nor business. Nonprofit is a layperson’s term describing a range of organizations—including private foundations—that contribute to the public good. The nonprofit sector in the United States contains more than 1.5 million nonprofit organizations comprising at least 7% of the U.S.... Read More

Starting a Private Foundation

Private foundations play an important role in communities across the country—filling the shelves of food pantries, employing directors of youth centers, advocating for human rights, and much more. Opportunities abound for you to make a difference through private foundation giving. How do you determine if a private foundation is right for you? Know the field... Read More